320 research outputs found

    Strange Meson Enhancement in PbPb Collisions

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    The NA44 Collaboration has measured yields and differential distributions of K+, K-, pi+, pi- in transverse kinetic energy and rapidity, around the center-of-mass rapidity in 158 A GeV/c Pb+Pb collisions at the CERN SPS. A considerable enhancement of K+ production per pi is observed, as compared to p+p collisions at this energy. To illustrate the importance of secondary hadron rescattering as an enhancement mechanism, we compare strangeness production at the SPS and AGS with predictions of the transport model RQMD.Comment: 11 pages, including 4 figures, LATE

    Two-kaon correlations in central Pb + Pb collisions at 158 A GeV/c

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    Two-particle interferometry of positive kaons is studied in Pb + Pb collisions at mean transverse momenta 0.25\approx 0.25 and 0.91 GeV/c. A three-dimensional analysis was applied to the lower pTp_T data, while a two-dimensional analysis was used for the higher pTp_T data. We find that the source size parameters are consistent with the mTm_T scaling curve observed in pion correlation measurements in the same collisions, and that the duration time of kaon emission is consistent with zero within the experimental sensitivity.Comment: 4 pages incl. 1 table and 3 fig's; RevTeX; accepted for publication in PR

    EBI2 is highly expressed in multiple sclerosis lesions and promotes early CNS migration of encephalitogenic CD4 T cells

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    Arrival of encephalitogenic T cells at inflammatory foci represents a critical step in development of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), the animal model for multiple sclerosis. EBI2 and its ligand, 7{alpha},25-OHC, direct immune cell localization in secondary lymphoid organs. CH25H and CYP7B1 hydroxylate cholesterol to 7{alpha},25-OHC. During EAE, we found increased expression of CH25H by microglia and CYP7B1 by CNS-infiltrating immune cells elevating the ligand concentration in the CNS. Two critical pro-inflammatory cytokines, interleukin-23 (IL-23) and interleukin-1 beta (IL-1{beta}), maintained expression of EBI2 in differentiating Th17 cells. In line with this, EBI2 enhanced early migration of encephalitogenic T cells into the CNS in a transfer EAE model. Nonetheless, EBI2 was dispensable in active EAE. Human Th17 cells do also express EBI2, and EBI2 expressing cells are abundant within multiple sclerosis (MS) white matter lesions. These findings implicate EBI2 as a mediator of CNS autoimmunity and describe mechanistically its contribution to the migration of autoreactive T cells into inflamed organs

    Pion interferometry in Au+Au collisions at sqrt[sNN]=200GeV

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    We present a systematic analysis of two-pion interferometry in Au+Au collisions at sqrt[sNN]=200GeV using the STAR detector at Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider. We extract the Hanbury-Brown and Twiss radii and study their multiplicity, transverse momentum, and azimuthal angle dependence. The Gaussianness of the correlation function is studied. Estimates of the geometrical and dynamical structure of the freeze-out source are extracted by fits with blast-wave parametrizations. The expansion of the source and its relation with the initial energy density distribution is studied

    Rapidity and centrality dependence of proton and antiproton production from 197Au + 197Au collisions at √SNN = 130 GeV

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    We report on the rapidity and centrality dependence of proton and antiproton transverse mass distributions from 197Au + 197Au collisions at sqrt[sNN ]=130 GeV as measured by the STAR experiment at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC). Our results are from the rapidity and transverse momentum range of |y| <0.5 and 0.35< pt <1.00 GeV/c . For both protons and antiprotons, transverse mass distributions become more convex from peripheral to central collisions demonstrating characteristics of collective expansion. The measured rapidity distributions and the mean transverse momenta versus rapidity are flat within |y| <0.5 . Comparisons of our data with results from model calculations indicate that in order to obtain a consistent picture of the proton (antiproton) yields and transverse mass distributions the possibility of prehadronic collective expansion may have to be taken into account

    Particle-type dependence of azimuthal anisotropy and nuclear modification of particle production in Au+Au collisions at s(NN)**(1/2) = 200-GeV

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    We present STAR measurements of the azimuthal anisotropy parameter v2v_2 and the binary-collision scaled centrality ratio RCPR_{CP} for kaons and lambdas (Λ+Λˉ\Lambda+\bar{\Lambda}) at mid-rapidity in Au+Au collisions at sNN=200\sqrt{s_{_{NN}}}=200 GeV. In combination, the v2v_2 and RCPR_{CP} particle-type dependencies contradict expectations from partonic energy loss followed by standard fragmentation in vacuum. We establish pT5p_T \approx 5 GeV/c as the value where the centrality dependent baryon enhancement ends. The KS0K_S^0 and Λ+Λˉ\Lambda+\bar{\Lambda} v2v_2 values are consistent with expectations of constituent-quark-number scaling from models of hadron fromation by parton coalescence or recombination.Comment: 6 pages, 4 figures, 1 table. As published in PRL on Feb. 2, 2004; Significant revisions have been made to the text and color has been added to plot

    Pion-Xi correlations in Au-Au collisions at STAR

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    We present pion-Xi correlation analysis in Au-Au collisions at sqrt(s_NN)= 200 GeV and sqrt(s_NN) = 62.4 GeV, performed using the STAR detector at RHIC. A Xi*(1530) resonance signal is observed for the first time in Au-Au collisions. Experimental data are compared with theoretical predictions. The strength of the Xi* peak is reproduced in the correlation function assuming that pions and Xis emerge from a system in collective expansion.Comment: To appear in the proceedings of 18th Nuclear Physics Division Conference of the EPS (NPDC18),Prague, 23.8.-29.8. 200

    Azimuthally sensitive Hanbury Brown-Twiss interferometry in Au+Au collisions at sqrt(s_{NN}) = 200 GeV

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    We present the results of a systematic study of the shape of the pion distribution in coordinate space at freeze-out in Au+Au collisions at RHIC using two-pion Hanbury Brown-Twiss (HBT) interferometry. Oscillations of the extracted HBT radii vs. emission angle indicate sources elongated perpendicular to the reaction plane. The results indicate that the pressure and expansion time of the collision system are not sufficient to completely quench its initial shape.Comment: 6 pages, 4 figures, published versio

    Evidence from d+Au measurements for final-state suppression of high pTp_T hadrons in Au+Au collisions at RHIC

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    We report measurements of single-particle inclusive spectra and two-particle azimuthal distributions of charged hadrons at high transverse momentum (high pTp_T) in minimum bias and central d+Au collisions at sNN\sqrt{s_{NN}}=200 GeV. The inclusive yield is enhanced in d+Au collisions relative to binary-scaled p+p collisions, while the two-particle azimuthal distributions are very similar to those observed in p+p collisions. These results demonstrate that the strong suppression of the inclusive yield and back-to-back correlations at high pTp_T previously observed in central Au+Au collisions are due to final-state interactions with the dense medium generated in such collisions.Comment: Final journal version. Data tables for figures may be downloaded from the STAR home page: http://www.star.bnl.gov --> Publications --> Access to STAR published dat
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